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Pronombres |
(pronouns) |
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Singular |
Plural |
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Yo |
I |
Nosotros |
we
(masculine) |
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Tú |
you
(familiar) |
Nosotras |
we
(feminine) |
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Usted |
you
(formal) |
Ustedes |
you |
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El |
he |
Ellos |
they (masculine) |
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Ella |
she |
Ellas |
they (feminine) |
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Tú |
Informal address. Used in
addressing a near relation, an intimate friend, a small child, or an
animal. |
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Usted |
Formal form of address. Used
when addressing someone whom you do not know well, someone to whom
you wish to show respect, or someone older than
yourself. |
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Ustedes |
Is used for both formal and
informal address when speaking to two or more
people. |
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Ud. , Uds. |
Singular and plural
abbreviations. |
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Verbo:
Ser |
(to
be) |
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Singular |
Plural |
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Yo |
soy |
I am |
Nosotros |
somos |
we are
(masculine) |
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Tú |
eres |
you are
(familiar) |
Nosotras |
somos |
we are
(feminine) |
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Usted |
es |
you are
(formal) |
Ustedes |
son |
you are |
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El |
es |
he
is |
Ellos |
son |
they are
(masculine) |
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Ella |
es |
she
is |
Ellas |
son |
they are
(feminine) |
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Some uses of
SER |
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To identify a person or a
thing: |
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El es el presidente, y ella es su
esposa. |
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To tell time, the day of the week or the
date: |
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Son las seis de la
tarde.
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Hoy es martes, seis de
agosto. |
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Can be used with impersonal expression, such
as: |
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It is
important |
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It is
interesting |
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It is
ridiculous |
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To express
nationality: |
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Nosotros somos mejicanos y ellos son
norteamericanos. |
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To describe characteristics of a person
or thing: |
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Ana es alegre y Pedro es
tímido. |
Ana is happy, and Pedro is
shy |
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El restaurante es grande y es
bueno |
The restaurant is big, and
is good |
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To tell what someone does for a
living: |
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Luisa es estudiante y Laura es
profesora. |
Luisa is a student, and
Laura is a teacher |
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Ejemplos: |
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Yo soy una profesora de español
(castellano). |
I am a Spanish
teacher |
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Tu eres una persona
inteligente. |
You are an intelligent
person |
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Ella es alta y él es
bajo. |
She is tall, and he is
short |
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Yo soy peruana y tú eres
estadounidense. |
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I am Peruvian, and you are
American |
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Nosotros somos estudiantes y ustedes son
empleados. |
We are students, and you are
employees |
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Ella es bonita, pero él es
feo. |
She is pretty, but he is
ugly |
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Ejercicios: |
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Tú |
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eres/soy/somos |
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estudiante. |
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Yo |
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somos/soy/son |
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rubio |
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Nosotros |
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somos/son/es |
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norteamericanos |
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Ellos |
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es/son/soy |
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profesores |
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Ustedes |
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soy/son/somos |
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alumnos |
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El |
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es/soy/son |
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alto |
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Usted |
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soy/es/somos |
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pequeña |
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Tú |
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somos/son/eres |
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bueno |
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Verbo
ESTAR |
(to
be) |
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Singular |
Plural |
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Yo |
estoy |
I
am |
Nosotros |
estamos |
we
are (masculine) |
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Tú |
estás |
you
are (familiar) |
Nosotras |
estamos |
we
are (feminine) |
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Usted |
está |
you
are (formal) |
Ustedes |
están |
you
are |
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El |
está |
he is |
Ellos |
están |
they are (masculine) |
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Ella |
está |
she is |
Ellas |
están |
they are (feminine) |
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Ejemplos: |
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1. Yo estoy en los Estados Unidos y tú
estás en Méjico. |
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(I am in the United States, and you are
in Mexico) |
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2. Ella está en el hospital y él está en
la casa. |
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(She is at the hospital, and he is at
home) |
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3. Nosotros estamos en la escuela y
ustedes están en el hotel. |
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(We are in school, and you are in the
hotel) |
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4. Ellos están bien, pero ellas están
mal. |
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(They are fine, but they are not
well) |
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Some uses of
ESTAR: |
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- To describe emotional
condition: |
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I am
happy |
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- To describe physical
condition: |
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He is sick |
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- To describe location of a person or
thing: |
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They are at the
beach |
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la servilleta está debajo de los
cubiertos |
The napkin is under the
silver |
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Lectura: |
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El niño está feliz porque el papá está en la casa y
está jugando con él. El papá trabaja todos los días, de lunes a
viernes. Los días sábados y domingos el papá está en la casa
con la familia. La familia toma el desayuno a las 8:00 de la mañana,
almuerza al mediodía y cena a las 7:00 de la
noche. |
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Diálogo |
(Dialogue) |
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María: |
Hola Juan, ¿cómo estás? |
How are you? |
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Juan: |
Estoy bien, gracias ¿y tú? |
I am fine thank you, and
you? |
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María: |
Yo también estoy bien,
gracias |
I am fine too, thank
you |
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Juan: |
¿Cómo está tu mamá? |
How is your
mother? |
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María: |
Mi mamá está bien. |
She is
fine |
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Juan: |
¿Y tu papá? |
And your
father? |
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María: |
Mi papá está enfermo. |
My father is
sick |
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Juan: |
¿Está en el hospital? |
Is he at the
hospital? |
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María: |
No, él está en la casa, está
resfriado. |
No, he is at home. He
has a cold. |
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Juan: |
María, ¿tú sabes dónde está el hotel
Hilton? |
Maria, do you know where is
the Hilton hotel? |
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María: |
El hotel Hilton está en la ciudad de
Torrance. |
The Hilton hotel is in
Torrance city |
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Juan: |
Gracias. Dime,¿dónde están tus
hermanos? |
Thank you, Where are
your brothers? |
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María: |
Mis hermanos están en el estadio viendo el partido
de fútbol. |
My brothers are at the
stadium watching the futbol game |
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Juan: |
Adiós María. |
Good bye
Maria |
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María: |
Adiós Juan. |
Good bye
Juan |
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